Off-farm income and direct payments—an indispensable diversification strategy of Swiss farmers

نویسندگان

چکیده

Abstract Following the theory of a farm household model, relations between and farmer characteristics, including two different kinds direct payments, their effects on off-farm labour allocation decisions operators were analysed. Swiss accountancy data network (FADN) years 2017, 2018, 2019 for whole sample income groups used to model both participation supply decisions. The results show that diversification into employment is highly relevant strategy farmers payments are complementary source. Above certain level, biodiversity substitution effect, meaning reduced. Off-farm related not but production type technology, with dairy organic having spent fewer days engaging in employment. Education positively correlates participation. Even though an indispensable source farmers, income-related policy goals cannot be considered achieved terms either or income. Whether public money would better education than unprofitable businesses should analysed future studies.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Q open

سال: 2021

ISSN: ['2633-9048']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/qopen/qoab019